Based on the latest MOE syllabus for the GCE ‘O’-Level Geography Elective (2272/02) and GCE ‘N’-Level Geography Elective (2175/02), this guide book has been specially designed and written in simple language and at times in point form, to assist students in extracting factors, reasons, strategies and roles of stakeholders relating to an issue at a glance. It is hoped that the comprehensive and systematic format in columns helps students to consolidate their learning.  Students are advised to use the book as a guide to enhance their proficiency in drawing their own mind maps to understand and apply the information faster and better.Students are also advised to use the guide book along with other learning resources used in the school such as the text book for maps, diagrams and graphs to describe distribution, explain formation of physical features and analyse trends as well as videos, hands-on activities, online interactive activities, concepts and inquiry skills taught in class.Click  to view a brief flip-through of the book.